Adjective Adventure: Development of Canva-Based 2D Animation Media to Improve English Learning Outcomes Among Elementary School Students

Abstract

This study aimed to develop and evaluate Adjective Adventure, a Canva-based two-dimensional (2D) animation medium designed to improve English adjective learning outcomes among fifth-grade students at Elementary School. The study employed a research and development approach using Branch’s ADDIE model, consisting of Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate. The development process included classroom observations, interviews, needs analysis, preparation of learning materials, and media design. Adjective Adventure integrates animated illustrations, vocabulary, audio, and contextual examples related to people, animals, and familiar objects. Product feasibility was assessed through expert validation, while learning outcomes were measured using pretest and posttest scores from 30 students. The media validation obtained 71 out of 75 points (94.67 percent), indicating a very valid category. Student achievement improved substantially, with the mean score increasing from 50.00 (standard deviation of 14.86) on the pretest to 80.00 (standard deviation of 10.83) on the posttest, representing a 30-point increase. The average normalized gain was 0.603, indicating a moderate improvement. As the paired difference scores did not meet the Shapiro–Wilk normality criterion, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was applied and revealed a statistically significant difference between pretest and posttest scores, with a W statistic of 0 and a p-value below .001. These findings indicate that Adjective Adventure is highly feasible and supports improved English learning outcomes, making it a promising audiovisual medium for teaching adjectives in elementary school.