Depresi dan Progresi Penyakit HIV
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17977/um062v3i92021p683-700Keywords:
depression, HIV, disease progression, depresi, progresi penyakitAbstract
Abstract: Depression is a common problem that occurs in people with HIV. Depression in HIV patients is associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ARV), the possibility of HIV transmission, virologic failure and progression of disease to AIDS. However, there is contradictory evidence that overlaps based on previous studies. This study aims to investigate the relationship between depression and HIV disease progression. This study uses PICOS in the literature search. The literature search used 3 databases, SpringerLink, BMC Public Health and PubMed. Literature study search used 5 keywords “Depression”, “HIV Progression” “low CD4”, “Viral load counts” and “HIV-related death”. A total of 1,763 articles were found and identified. Transparency of the identification process to find articles analyzed using PRISMA diagrams. Assessment of study quality using STROBE and Tool To Assess Risk of bias in Cohort Studies. This study reviewed 4 articles that fit the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. This study shows depression plays a role in HIV disease progression. 75 percent of the articles showed significant association between depression and CD4 cell decline, increased viral load and risk of death. Both depressive symptoms and depressive disorder (MDD) play a role in CD4 cell decline and viral load increase over a 4-6 year period. Depressive symptoms in newly diagnosed HIV represent an 8-12 percent higher risk of death within 2 years. For this reason, it’s necessary to screen for depression before conducting a VCT test to provide initial data on the mental health of HIV patients and to determine depression management programs in HIV patients.
Abstrak: Depresi merupakan masalah umum yang terjadi pada penderita HIV. Depresi pada penderita HIV dikaitkan dengan kepatuhan terapi antiretroviral (ARV), kemungkinan penularan HIV, kegagalan virologi dan perkembangan penyakit menjadi AIDS. Namun, terdapat bukti kontradiktif yang saling tumpang tindih berdasarkan penelitian terdahulu. Studi ini bertujuan mencari hubungan depresi dan progresi penyakit HIV. Studi ini menggunakan PICOS dalam pencarian literatur. Pencarian literatur menggunakan 3 database, Springerlink, BMC Public Health dan PubMed dengan menggunakan 5 kata kunci “Depression”, “HIV Progression” “low CD4”, “Viral load counts” dan “HIV-related death”. Sebanyak 1.763 artikel ditemukan dan diidentifikasi. Transparansi proses identifikasi menggunakan diagram PRISMA. Penilaian kualitas studi menggunakan STROBE dan Tool To Assess Risk of bias in Cohort Studies. Studi ini meninjau 4 artikel yang sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Studi ini menunjukan depresi berperan terhadap progresi penyakit HIV. 75 persen artikel menunjukan hubungan yang signifikan antara depresi dengan penurunan sel CD4, peningkatan viral load maupun risiko kematian. Gejala depresi maupun gangguan depresi (MDD) memiliki peran dalam penurunan sel CD4 dan peningkatan viral load dalam periode 4-6 tahun. Gejala depresi pada penderita baru menunjukan 8-12 persen risiko kematian yang lebih tinggi dalam kurun waktu 2 tahun. Untuk itu, diperlukan adanya skrining depresi sebelum melakukan tes VCT sebagai baseline data kesehatan mental pasien HIV dan penentuan program penanganan depresi pada penderita HIV.
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