Perbedaan Pengaruh Efektivitas McKenzie Exercise dan Chin Tuck Exercise Terhadap Forward Head Posture dan Nyeri Leher Mahasiswa

Abstract

Abstract : Forward Head Posture (FHP) is a postural disorder frequently experienced by university students. While McKenzie exercises and Chin Tuck exercises are used to correct FHP, direct comparisons of their effects on posture and pain remain limited. This study aimed to determine the difference in effectiveness between McKenzie exercises and Chin Tuck exercises for addressing FHP and neck pain among university students. A quasi-experimental, two-group, pretest-posttest design (without randomization) was employed, involving 30 students aged 18 to 24 years who had a daily screen time of at least 5 hours and a Craniovertebral Angle (CVA) of less than 52. Participants were recruited via purposive sampling and allocated to either the McKenzie group (n=15) or the Chin Tuck group (n=15). Each group followed an exercise program three times a week for 6 weeks. CVA was measured using a goniometer, while neck pain was assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (for pre-post changes) and the Mann-Whitney U test (for between-group comparisons), with effect sizes calculated. Across all participants (n=30), CVA increased significantly (Z = min3.953; p smaller 0.001; r = 0.72), and NRS scores decreased significantly (Z = min4.065; p < 0.001; r = 0.74). The mean CVA increased from 44.13 to 50.13 in the McKenzie group and from 42.67 to 48.93 in the Chin Tuck group. No significant between-group differences were found regarding the change in CVA (p = 0.831: r = 0.04) or the change in NRS scores (p = 0.714: r = 0.07). Both exercises demonstrated comparable effectiveness in this study.

Abstrak : Forward Head Posture (FHP) merupakan gangguan postur kepala kedepan yang banyak dialami mahasiswa. McKenzie Exercise dan Chin Tuck Exercise digunakan untuk mengoreksi FHP, namun perbandingan langsung keduanya terhadap postur dan nyeri masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas McKenzie Exercise dan Chin Tuuck Exercise terhadap FHP dan nyeri leher pada mahasiswa Penelitian menggunakan rancangan quasi-experimental two group pretest-posttest tanpa randomisasi pada 30 mahasiswa berusia 18 sampai 24 tahun dengan screen time minimal 5 jam per hari dan nilai CVA lebih kecil 52, yang direkrut melalui purposive sampling dan dialokasikan ke kelompok McKenzie (n=15) atau Chin Tuck (n=15). Setiap kelompok menjalani program latihan 3 kali per minggu selama 6 minggu. CVA diukur dengan goniometer, sedangkan nyeri leher diukur dengan NRS. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon signed rank (perubahan sebelum sesudah) dan uji Mann Whitney U (perbandingan antarkelompok), dengan ukuran efek (effect size). Pada seluruh peserta (n=30), CVA meningkat signifikan (Z= min 3,953: p lebih kecil 0,001; r=0,72) dan skor NRS menurun signifikan (Z= min 4,065: p lebih kecil 0,001: r=0,74); rerata CVA meningkat dari 44,13 menjadi 50,13 pada kelompok McKenzie dan dari 42,67 menjadi 48,93  pada kelompok Chin Tuck. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna antarkelompok pada selisih CVA (p=0,831: r=0,04) maupun selisih NRS (p=0,714: r=0,07). Kedua latihan menunjukkan efektivitas yang sebanding dalam penelitian.