Pengaruh Model Teaching Games for Understanding (TGFU) Terhadap Keterampilan Bermain Futsal Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Mochamad Aji Murdani; Lukmannul Haqim Lubay; Achmad Syakur Fahri

Authors

Mochamad Aji Murdani Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Lukmannul Haqim Lubay Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Achmad Syakur Fahri Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Keywords:

Teaching games for understanding , rawat jalan, elementary school, physical education, keterampilan bermain futsal; sekolah dasar, pendidikan jasmani

Abstract

Abstract : Traditional technique based instruction may limit students tactical understanding and decision making during game situations, particularly in fast paced invasion games such as futsal. This study aimed to examine the effect of the Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) model on futsal playing skills among elementary school students. A quantitative approach was employed using an experimental method with a pre experimental one-group pretest posttest design. The participants consisted of 30 fifth grade students selected through purposive sampling. Game performance was assessed using the Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI), which evaluates three performance components: decision making, skill execution, and support, and the results were expressed as the Game Performance Index (GPI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Shapiro Wilk normality test, the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, and effect size analysis. The findings revealed that the mean GPI score increased from 54.05 in the pretest to 80.85 in the posttest. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test indicated a statistically significant improvement in game performance (p smaller 0.001) following the implementation of the TGfU model. Furthermore, the effect size value of 0.873 was classified as a large effect, indicating that the TGfU model had a substantial impact on improving students futsal game performance. Therefore, the Teaching Games for Understanding model was associated with substantial improvements in playing skills among elementary school students.

Abstrak : Pembelajaran berbasis teknik yang konvensional membatasi pemahaman taktis dan kemampuan pengambilan keputusan peserta didik dalam situasi permainan, khususnya pada permainan invasi berintensitas tinggi seperti futsal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh model Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) terhadap keterampilan bermain futsal pada siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen dan desain pre experimental melalui rancangan one group pretest posttest design. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 30 siswa kelas V yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Performa permainan diukur menggunakan Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI) yang mencakup indikator decision making, skill execution, dan support, kemudian dihitung dalam bentuk Game Performance Index (GPI). Analisis data dilakukan melalui statistik deskriptif, uji normalitas menggunakan Shapiro Wilk, uji hipotesis menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, serta perhitungan effect size. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata rata nilai GPI meningkat dari 54,05 pada saat pretest menjadi 80,85 pada saat posttest. Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan nilai signifikansi p lebih kecil 0,001, yang mengindikasikan adanya peningkatan performa permainan yang signifikan setelah penerapan model TGfU. Selain itu, nilai effect size sebesar 0,873 termasuk dalam kategori large effect, yang menunjukkan bahwa model TGfU memberikan pengaruh yang kuat terhadap peningkatan performa permainan futsal peserta didik. Dalam batasan desain penelitian pre experimental ini, model Teaching Games for Understanding berasosiasi dengan peningkatan yang substansial pada keterampilan bermain futsal pada siswa sekolah dasar.

References

Abad Robles, M. T., Collado-Mateo, D., Fernández-Espínola, C., Castillo Viera, E., & Giménez Fuentes-Guerra, F. J. (2020). Effects of Teaching Games on Decision Making and Skill Execution: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(2), 505.

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020505

Ahmad Hidayat, Agus Mahendra, Anira. (2024). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Teaching Games For Understanding (TGFU) Terhadap Keterampilan Bermain Futsal. Jurnal Mahasiswa Pendidikan Olahraga, 6(1), 72–86. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55081/jumper.v4i3.2203

Alessandri, G., Zuffianò, A., & Perinelli, E. (2017). Evaluating Intervention Programs with a Pretest-Posttest Design: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(MAR), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00223

Aprilianta, M. A., Kurniawan, A. W., Hariyanto, E., & Amiq, F. (2024). Upaya Meningkatkan Keterampilan Teknik Dasar Futsal Passing dengan Kaki Bagian dalam dan Controlling Dengan Telapak Kaki Menggunakan Metode Drill pada Siswa Bina Harapan Setia Kota Malang. Sport Science and Health, 6(10), 1095–1105. https://doi.org/10.17977/um062v6i102024p1095-1105

Barba-Martín, R. A., Bores-García, D., Hortigüela-Alcalá, D., & González-Calvo, G. (2020). The Application of the Teaching Games for Understanding in Physical Education. Systematic Review of the Last Six Years. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 3330. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093330

Bunker, D., & Thorpe, R. (1982). A model for the teaching of games in secondary schools. Bulletin of Physical Education, 18(1), 5–8.

Corrêa, U. C., de Pinho, S. T., da Silva, S. L., Clavijo, F. A. R., Souza, T. de O., & Tani, G. (2016). Revealing the decision-making of dribbling in the sport of futsal. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(24), 2321–2328. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1232488

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2023). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (Vol. 6). SAGE Publications, 2022.

Ditya Agischa, R., & Wahyudi, H. (2022). Analisis Teknik Dasar Bermain Futsal Timnas Putri Indonesia Pada Piala AFC Woman’s Championship Tahun 2018. Indonesian Journal of Kinanthropology (IJOK), 2(1), 18–28. https://doi.org/10.26740/ijok.v2n1.p18-28

Eley, D., & Kirk, D. (2002). Developing Citizenship through Sport: The Impact of a Sport-Based Volunteer Programme on Young Sport Leaders. Sport, Education and Society, 7(2), 151–166. https://doi.org/10.1080/1357332022000018841

Faisal Alfarisi, Ani Kurniawati, & Z.Arifin. (2025). Modifikasi Circuit Training untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Bermain Futsal. Mutiara Pendidikan Dan Olahraga, 2(2), 50–60. https://doi.org/10.61132/mupeno.v2i2.230

Festiawan, R. (2020). Pendekatan Teknik dan Taktik: Pengaruhnya terhadap Keterampilan Bermain Futsal. Gelanggang Olahraga: Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Dan Olahraga (JPJO), 3(2), 143–155.

https://doi.org/10.31539/jpjo.v3i2.1080

Galeano-Rojas, D., Espoz-Lazo, S., Hinojosa-Torres, C., & Valdivia-Moral, P. (2026). The impact of teaching games for understanding on game performance, motivation, gender equality, and disruptive behaviors in physical education. Frontiers in Education, 11(July). https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1901352

Gil-Arias, A., Harvey, S., García-Herreros, F., González-Víllora, S., Práxedes, A., & Moreno, A. (2021). Effect of a hybrid teaching games for understanding/sport education unit on elementary students’ self-determined motivation in physical education. European Physical Education Review, 27(2), 366–383. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X20950174

González-Valero, G., Ubago-Jiménez, J. L., Melguizo-Ibáñez, E., & Fernández-García, R. (2024). Application of the teaching games for understanding model to improve decision-making in sport learning: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychology, 12(1), 781. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-02307-2

Göral, K. (2018). Analysis of Serbia UEFA Futsal Euro 2016 Competitions in Terms of Some Variables. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 6(10), 1. https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v6i10.3343

Harvey, S., & Jarrett, K. (2014). A review of the game-centred approaches to teaching and coaching literature since 2006. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 19(3), 278–300. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2012.754005

Hortigüela Alcalá, D., & Hernando Garijo, A. (2017). Teaching Games for Understanding: A Comprehensive Approach to Promote Student’s Motivation in Physical Education. Journal of Human Kinetics, 59(1), 17–27. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0144

I Dewa Made Krisna Yudha, I Wayan Artanayasa, N. L. P. S. (2017). Pengaruh Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Teacing Games For Understanding (TGFU) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Passing Control Sepak Bola I. Pendidikan Jasmani, Kesehatan, Dan Rekreasi, 8(2), 1–11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/jjp.v5i2.13096

Iman, B. H., Yusof, Y. M., Nuryadi, N., & Hendrayana, Y. (2023). The Application of the Peer Teaching Model on the Improvement of Futsal Playing Skills Among Extracurricular Futsal Students at SMP PGRI Pasirjambu. Journal of Physical Education For Secondary Schools, 3(1), 207–218. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpess.v3i1.82599

Imanulhaq, R. (2022). ANALISIS TEORI PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF PIAGET PADA TAHAP ANAK USIA OPERASIONAL KONKRET 7-12 TAHUN. Journal of Islamic Education, 3(2), 126–134. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.53837/waniambey.v3i2.174

Kusuma, D. W. C. W., Satrianingsih, B., Kusuma, L. S. W., & Gustian, U. (2024). Implementation of Teaching Games for Understanding to Stimulate Game Understanding of Elementary School Students. Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Dan Olahraga, 9(2), 255–261. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpjo.v9i2.67267

Manninen, M., Magrum, E., Campbell, S., & Belton, S. (2025). The effect of game-based approaches on decision-making, knowledge, and motor skill: A systematic review and a multilevel meta-analysis. European Physical Education Review, 31(1), 18–32. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X241245305

Mohammadi Orangi, B., & Ghorbanzadeh, B. (2025). Enhancing Coaching Practices and Futsal Shooting Skills Through Teaching Games for Understanding-Based Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Journal of Motor Control and Learning, 7(4). https://doi.org/10.5812/jmcl-164356

Morales-Belando, M. T., Kirk, D., & Arias-Estero, J. L. (2022). A Systematic Review of Teaching Games for Understanding Intervention Studies From a Practice-Referenced Perspective. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 93(4), 670–681. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2021.1897066

Ortiz, M., Meroño, L., Morales-Belando, M. T., Vaquero-Cristóbal, R., & González-Gálvez, N. (2023). Teaching Games for Understanding in Game Performance and Psychosocial Variables: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trial. Children, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/children10030573

Oslin, J. L., Mitchell, S. A., & Griffin, L. L. (1998). The Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI): Development and Preliminary Validation. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 17(2), 231–243. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.17.2.231

Petiot, G. H., Bagatin, R., Aquino, R., & Raab, M. (2021). Key characteristics of decision making in soccer and their implications. New Ideas in Psychology, 61(April 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newideapsych.2020.100846

Puput Melati Saputri, Lukmannul Haqim Lubay, & Suherman Slamet. (2025). Implementation of Teaching Games For Understanding (TGFU) Through Soccer Like Games on the Decision-Making Level of Elementary School Students. Journal of Physical Education Health and Sport, 12(1), 226–230. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpehs.v12i1.32082

Shadish, W.R. Cook, T.D., & Campbell, D.T. (2002). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference. Houghton Mifflin.

Silaban, D., & Hendrawan, D. (2022). Pendekatan Taktis Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Keterampilan Dasar Futsal. Jurnal Mahasiswa Pendidikan Olahraga, 2(2), 82–94. https://doi.org/10.55081/jumper.v2i2.554

Spyrou, K., Freitas, T. T., Marín-Cascales, E., & Alcaraz, P. E. (2020). Physical and Physiological Match-Play Demands and Player Characteristics in Futsal: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(November). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.569897

Spyrou, K., Ribeiro, J. N., Ferraz, A., Alcaraz, P. E., Freitas, T. T., & Travassos, B. (2023). Interpreting match performance in elite futsal: considerations for normalizing variables using effective time. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 5(September), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2023.1256424

Stephanou, G., & Karamountzos, D. (2020). Enhancing students’ metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive regulation and performance in physical education via TGFU. Research in Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, 8(1), 1–10. 8(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.12691/rpbs-8-1-1

Sugiyono. (2023). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D.

Sumarno, S., Imawati, V., & Ristiawan, B. (2022). Inovasi Pembelajaran melalui Model Teaching Game for Understanding (TGfU) untuk Menyiapkan Keterampilan Strategi Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani. Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Indonesia, 18(2), 170–184. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpji.v18i2.54692

Ueda, L. S. C., Menegassi, V. M., Avelar, A., Rechenchosky, L., Silva, F. L. O., & Borges, P. H. (2020). Analysis of the execution of core tactical principles and technical efficiency of primary school futsal players. Revista Brasileira deCineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, 22, 1–12.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-0037.2020v22e65221

Gustian,U., Gandasari, F.M., & Mahendra,A. (2024). Effectiveness of Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU): Using a modified Kasti game to stimulate elementary school students’ motor skills. Indonesia Journal of Physical Education, 1(1), 25–32. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.25299/es:ijope.2024.vol5

Wang, J., Soon, C. C., Samsudin, S., Wang, C., Gao, Z., & Xie, Q. (2024). Tactical games model in physical education: A systematic review. PLOS ONE, 19(11), e0311321. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311321

Wijaya, I. D. M. A. (2021). Teknik yang paling dominan pada pertandingan futsal putra profesional. Jurnal Keolahragaan, 9(1), 18–25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21831/JK.V9I1.31853