The Effect of Pentagram Strategy on Performance and Accuracy of Basic Football Skills among Preparatory School Students

Ali H. Darweesh; Amal N. Butrus

Authors

Ali H. Darweesh University of Al-Hamdaniya
Amal N. Butrus University of Al-Hamdaniya

Keywords:

Pentagram Strategy, Skill Performance, Performance Accuracy, Football Skills, Preparatory Student

Abstract

Abstract : The primary focus of this research was to evaluate how the Pentagram Strategy on skill performance and performance accuracy in some basic football skills among fifth grade preparatory students. The researcher used the experimental method with a pre-test and post-test design involving two equivalent groups: an experimental group taught according to the Pentagram Strategy and a control group taught according to the command style. The research sample consisted of 48 students from Martyr Hussein Darwish Preparatory School for Boys in Nineveh Governorate, distributed equally between the two groups. The educational program was implemented through instructional units designed according to the Pentagram Strategy. Data were collected using skill performance evaluation forms and football skill accuracy tests. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS. The results indicated improvement The results indicated significant improvements in both groups (p smaller than 0.001). However, the experimental group achieved significantly higher post-test scores than the control group in all skill performance tests (t = 5.63 to 8.08, p smaller than 0.001) and in five of the six skill accuracy tests (t = 3.10 to 6.21, p smaller than 0.05). The findings suggest that the Pentagram Strategy contributes effectively to improving the learning of basic football skills through active student participation, decision-making, and continuous evaluation.

Abstrak : Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi bagaimana Strategi Pentagram berpengaruh terhadap kinerja keterampilan dan akurasi kinerja dalam beberapa keterampilan dasar sepak bola di kalangan siswa kelas lima sekolah persiapan. Peneliti menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan desain pra uji dan pasca uji yang melibatkan dua kelompok yang setara: kelompok eksperimen yang diajarkan sesuai dengan Strategi Pentagram dan kelompok kontrol yang diajarkan sesuai dengan gaya komando. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 48 siswa dari Sekolah Persiapan Putra Martir Hussein Darwish di Provinsi Nineveh, yang dibagi rata antara kedua kelompok. Program pendidikan diimplementasikan melalui unit pembelajaran yang dirancang sesuai dengan Strategi Pentagram. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan formulir evaluasi kinerja keterampilan dan tes akurasi keterampilan sepak bola. Analisis statistik dilakukan menggunakan SPSS. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan pada kedua kelompok (p lebih kecil dari 0,001). Namun, kelompok eksperimen mencapai skor pasca tes yang secara signifikan lebih tinggi daripada kelompok kontrol dalam semua tes kinerja keterampilan (t = 5,63 sampai 8,08, p lebih kecil dari 0,001) dan dalam lima dari enam tes akurasi keterampilan (t = 3,10 sampai 6,21, p lebih kecil dari 0,05). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa Strategi Pentagram berkontribusi secara efektif untuk meningkatkan pembelajaran keterampilan dasar sepak bola melalui partisipasi aktif siswa, pengambilan keputusan, dan evaluasi berkelanjutan.

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