Pengaruh Metode Latihan Kombinasi Terhadap Peningkatan Kekuatan Atlit Senior Lempar Lembing

Andi Atssam Mappanyukki; Ichsani; Sarifin

Authors

Andi Atssam Mappanyukki Universitas Negeri Makassar
Ichsani Universitas Negeri Makassar
Sarifin Universitas Negeri Makassar

Keywords:

combined training, upper arm strength, senior athletes, javelin throw, b t, latihan kombinasi, kekuatan otot lengan, atlet senior, lempar lembing, scp t

Abstract

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effect of the combination of Standing Cable Pullover Torso (SCP T) and Bench Press Torso (B T) training methods on increasing arm muscle strength in senior javelin throwers, and to test the interaction between training methods and body weight on javelin throwing ability. The study used a quantitative approach with a 2x2 factorial experimental design, involving 20 senior javelin throwers divided into two treatment groups. Data were obtained through muscle strength tests using a Push and Pull Dynamometer and analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's advanced test at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that both training methods had a significant effect on increasing arm muscle strength, but there was no interaction between training methods and body weight on javelin throwing ability (p equals 0.667 more than 0.05). Significant differences were found between the SCP T (less than 75 kg) and B T (greater than or equal to 75 kg) groups (p equal to 0.023), and between the SCP T (greater than or equal to 75 kg) and B T (greater than or equal to 75 kg) (p equal to 0.034). B T training was more effective for athletes with higher body weight because it involved strong contractions of the pectoralis, deltoid, and triceps muscles, while SCP T was more optimal for athletes with lower body weight because it resembled the javelin throwing movement pattern involving the back and shoulder muscles. Overall, structured and specific combination training for the javelin throwing movement pattern was proven to be effective in increasing arm muscle strength in senior athletes, without being significantly influenced by body weight factors.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh metode latihan kombinasi Standing Cable Pullover Torso (SCP T) dan Bench Press Torso (B T) terhadap peningkatan kekuatan otot lengan atlet senior lempar lembing, serta menguji interaksi antara metode latihan dan berat badan terhadap kemampuan lempar lembing. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain eksperimen faktorial 2x2, melibatkan 20 atlet senior lempar lembing yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok perlakuan. Data diperoleh melalui tes kekuatan otot menggunakan Push and Pull Dynamometer dan dianalisis dengan ANOVA serta uji lanjut Tukey pada taraf signifikansi 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua metode latihan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan kekuatan otot lengan, namun tidak terdapat interaksi antara metode latihan dan berat badan terhadap kemampuan lempar lembing (p sama dengan 0,667 lebih dari 0,05). Perbedaan signifikan ditemukan antara kelompok SCP T (kurang dari 75 kg) dan B T (lebih dari sama dengan 75 kg) (p sama dengan 0,023), serta antara SCP T (lebih dari sama dengan 75 kg) dan B T (lebih dari sama dengan 75 kg) (p sama dengan 0,034). Latihan B T lebih efektif bagi atlet dengan berat badan tinggi karena melibatkan kontraksi kuat otot pectoralis, deltoid, dan triceps, sedangkan SCP T lebih optimal bagi atlet dengan berat badan lebih rendah karena menyerupai pola gerak lempar lembing yang melibatkan otot punggung dan bahu. Secara keseluruhan, latihan kombinasi yang terstruktur dan spesifik terhadap pola gerak lempar lembing terbukti efektif meningkatkan kekuatan otot lengan atlet senior, tanpa dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh faktor berat badan.

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