Kebahagiaan Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronis dengan Terapi Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD): Kajian Fenomenologis melalui Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17977/um070v6i22026p309-328Keywords:
continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, chronic kidney disease, subjective well-being, happinessAbstract
This study aims to explore happiness, conceptually defined as subjective well-being, among patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD). This study employed a qualitative approach using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Data were collected through semi-structured interviews guided by an interview protocol based on the principle of epoché. The participants consisted of three patients with chronic kidney disease who had undergone CAPD therapy for at least six months. The findings revealed two main themes, namely the experience of being a CAPD patient and subjective well-being. The experience of being a CAPD patient encompassed challenges, meaning-making processes, and family support, while subjective well-being was reflected through life satisfaction, dissatisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect. The results indicate that participants achieved subjective well-being despite living with a chronic illness, as evidenced by the predominance of positive over negative affect and by self-acceptance. In addition, family support, particularly from spouses, played a significant role in facilitating psychological adaptation. These findings highlight the importance of interventions that consider meaning-making, emotion regulation, and family support in enhancing the psychological well-being of patients with chronic illness.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi kebahagiaan yang secara konseptual dipahami sebagai subjective well-being pada pasien gagal ginjal kronis yang menjalani terapi Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan panduan wawancara yang dirancang berdasarkan prinsip epoché. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari tiga pasien gagal ginjal kronis yang telah menjalani terapi CAPD minimal selama enam bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dua tema induk, yaitu pengalaman sebagai pasien CAPD dan subjective well-being. Pengalaman sebagai pasien CAPD mencakup permasalahan, pemaknaan terhadap kondisi diri, serta dukungan keluarga, sedangkan subjective well-being tergambar melalui kepuasan hidup, ketidakpuasan, afek positif, dan afek negatif. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek mampu mencapai subjective well-being meskipun berada dalam kondisi penyakit kronis, yang ditandai dengan dominasi afek positif dibandingkan afek negatif serta adanya penerimaan diri terhadap kondisi yang dialami. Selain itu, dukungan keluarga, khususnya dari pasangan, berperan penting dalam mendukung proses adaptasi psikologis. Temuan ini mengindikasikan pentingnya intervensi yang mempertimbangkan aspek pemaknaan, regulasi emosi, dan dukungan keluarga dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis pasien.
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