Eksplorasi Pengalaman Individu dengan Gangguan Psikosomatik: Gejala, Faktor Psikologis, Dampak, dan Strategi Koping
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17977/um070v5i102025p578-598Keywords:
biopsychosocial, coping strategies, psychosomatic disorders, stressAbstract
Psychosomatic disorders represent a complex condition involving the interaction of psychological, biological, and social factors, significantly affecting an individual's physical and mental health. This study aims to explore the experiences of individuals with psychosomatic disorders, particularly regarding the symptoms experienced, contributing factors, impacts on daily life, and coping strategies employed. The research utilizes a qualitative phenomenological approach, conducting semi-structured interviews with three participants who have experienced psychosomatic disorders. The findings reveal that physical symptoms such as headaches, nausea, fatigue, and insomnia are closely related to stress, academic pressure, or work demands. The impacts include decreased productivity, disruption of social relationships, and an overall decline in quality of life. Coping strategies employed encompass internal approaches (relaxation and emotional management) and external approaches (social support and medical consultations). Participants also highlighted the importance of more comprehensive healthcare services, public education, and social support in helping them manage these disorders. This study emphasizes the need for a holistic approach in addressing psychosomatic disorders by integrating biopsychosocial aspects to improve the quality of life for affected individuals.
Abstrak
Gangguan psikosomatik merupakan kondisi yang kompleks, melibatkan interaksi antara faktor psikologis, biologis, dan sosial yang berdampak signifikan pada kesehatan fisik dan mental individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman individu dengan gangguan psikosomatik, khususnya terkait gejala yang dialami, faktor penyebab, dampak terhadap kehidupan sehari-hari, serta strategi koping yang diterapkan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologis dengan wawancara semi-terstruktur terhadap tiga partisipan yang memiliki pengalaman gangguan psikosomatik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gejala fisik seperti sakit kepala, mual, kelelahan, dan insomnia sangat terkait dengan stres, tekanan akademik, atau tuntutan pekerjaan. Dampak yang dirasakan meliputi penurunan produktivitas, gangguan hubungan sosial, dan penurunan kualitas hidup secara keseluruhan. Strategi koping yang diterapkan mencakup pendekatan internal (relaksasi dan pengelolaan emosi) serta pendekatan eksternal (dukungan sosial dan konsultasi medis). Partisipan juga mengungkapkan pentingnya layanan kesehatan yang lebih komprehensif, edukasi masyarakat, dan dukungan sosial untuk membantu mereka mengelola gangguan ini. Penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya pendekatan holistik dalam penanganan gangguan psikosomatik, dengan mempertimbangkan aspek biopsikososial untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup individu yang terdampak.
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