Self-Driven Success: Studi Kualitatif Motivasi Intrinsik Mahasiswa Edupreneur melalui Lensa Teori Determinasi Diri
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17977/um070v5i52025p274-285Keywords:
intrinsic motivation, self-determination theory, student entrepreneursAbstract
The phenomenon of students engaging in entrepreneurship while undergoing higher education is growing, marking the emergence of a new identity as edupreneurs. This is influenced by various psychological factors that play a significant role in shaping entrepreneurial intentions and behaviors among university students. This study aims to explore in depth the intrinsic motivation of students in running a business through a phenomenological approach based on self-determination theory. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with three students who run different businesses, namely a fresh vegetable provider, a coffee shop, and a used clothing seller. Thematic analysis was conducted based on three fundamental psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and connectedness. The results show that students' intrinsic motivation is formed through the experience of running a business that provides freedom in making decisions, opportunities to develop skills, and support from the social environment. These findings reinforce the concept of self-determination theory that sustainable and meaningful motivation stems from the fulfillment of basic psychological needs. The contribution of this research is that it can broaden the understanding of the formation of student entrepreneurial behavior and the importance of the role of higher education in supporting the development of the intrinsic motivation of edupreneur students.
Abstrak
Fenomena mahasiswa yang terlibat dalam dunia kewirausahaan sambil menjalani pendidikan tinggi semakin berkembang, menandai munculnya identitas baru sebagai edupreneur. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor psikologis yang memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk niat dan perilaku kewirausahaan di kalangan mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi secara mendalam motivasi intrinsik mahasiswa dalam berwirausaha melalui pendekatan fenomenologi berdasar teori determinasi diri. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap tiga mahasiswa yang menjalankan usaha berbeda yaitu penyedia sayuran segar, penjual warung kopi, dan penjual pakaian bekas. Analisis tematik dilakukan berdasarkan tiga kebutuhan psikologis dasar yaitu otonomi, kompetensi, dan keterhubungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi intrinsik mahasiswa terbentuk melalui pengalaman menjalankan usaha yang memberikan kebebasan dalam mengambil keputusan, kesempatan untuk mengembangkan keterampilan, dan dukungan dari lingkungan sosial. Temuan ini memperkuat konsep teori determinasi diri bahwa motivasi yang berkelanjutan dan bermakna berakar dari pemenuhan kebutuhan psikologis dasar. Kontribusi penelitian ini adalah dapat memperluas pemahaman mengenai pembentukan perilaku kewirausahaan mahasiswa dan pentingnya peran pendidikan tinggi untuk mendukung pengembangan motivasi intrinsik mahasiswa edupreneur.
References
Al-Qadasi, N., Zhang, G., Al-Awlaqi, M. A., Alshebami, A. S., & Aamer, A. (2023). Factors influencing entrepreneurial intention of university students in Yemen: The mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1111934. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2023.1111934/BIBTEX
Arthur, S., & Peprah, W. K. (2024). Correlation Between Social Support and Entrepreneurial Intentions: Evidence From Private and Public Universities in Ghana. Pan-African Journal of Education and Social Sciences, 5(1), 71–86. https://doi.org/10.56893/pajes2024v05i01.06
Bahri, B. (2023). Ekosistem Kampus Wirausaha. https://lldikti5.kemdikbud.go.id/home/detailpost/ekosistem-kampus-wirausaha
Barba-Sánchez, V., & Atienza-Sahuquillo, C. (2016). The development of entrepreneurship at school: The Spanish experience. Education and Training, 58(7–8), 783–796. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-01-2016-0021
Bodnar, C. A., Clark, R. M., & Besterfield-Sacre, M. (2015). Lessons learned through sequential offerings of an innovation and entrepreneurship boot camp for sophomore engineering students. The Journal of Engineering Entrepreneurship, 6(1), 52–67. https://doi.org/10.7814/JEENV6P5
Boldureanu, G., Ionescu, A. M., Bercu, A. M., Bedrule-Grigoruţă, M. V., & Boldureanu, D. (2020). Entrepreneurship Education through Successful Entrepreneurial Models in Higher Education Institutions. Sustainability 2020, Vol. 12, Page 1267, 12(3), 1267. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12031267
Chien-Chi, C., Bin, S., Yang, H., Zheng, M., & Beibei, L. I. (2020). Emotional Competence, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, and Entrepreneurial Intention: A Study Based on China College Students’ Social Entrepreneurship Project. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.547627
Creswell, J. W. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (A. Fawaid (ed.); 5th ed.). Sage.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
Dude, S. A., & Mulyani, H. (2024). The influence of personality traits and university green entrepreneurial support on students green entrepreneurial intentions. Dinamika Pendidikan, 19(1), 17–30. https://doi.org/10.15294/dp.v19i1.8455
Fayolle, A., Gailly, B., & Lassas-Clerc, N. (2006). Assessing the impact of entrepreneurship education programmes: A new methodology. Journal of European Industrial Training, 30(9), 701–720. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090590610715022/FULL/XML
Irham, I., Harnawati, H., & Purnamawati, P. (2022). Kontribusi kewirausahaan terhadap pengembangan sikap keterampilan berwirausaha peserta didik. ACADEMIA: Jurnal Inovasi Riset Akademik, 2(1), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.51878/academia.v2i1.1119
Isma, A., & Diarra, S. (2025). Self-Efficacy and Social Support as Predictors of Entrepreneurial Intention With Entrepreneurial Motivation as a Mediator. J. Of Economics, Entrepreneurship, Manag. Bus. and Account., 3(1), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.61255/jeemba.v3i1.564
Kraus, S., Palmer, C., Kailer, N., Kallinger, F. L., & Spitzer, J. (2019). Digital entrepreneurship: A research agenda on new business models for the twenty-first century. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 25(2), 353–375. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-06-2018-0425/FULL/HTML,
Lyu, X., Al Mamun, A., Yang, Q., & Aziz, N. A. (2024). Social entrepreneurial intention among university students in China. Scientific Reports , 14(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58060-4
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
Packham, G., Jones, P., Miller, C., Pickernell, D., & Thomas, B. (2010). Attitudes towards entrepreneurship education: A comparative analysis. Education + Training, 52(8–9), 568–586. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400911011088926/FULL/XML
Padilla-Angulo, L., Lucia-Casademunt, A. M., & Gómez-Baya, D. (2024). Satisfaction of basic psychological needs and European entrepreneurs’ well-being and health: The association with job satisfaction and entrepreneurial motivation. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 65(2), 291–303. https://doi.org/10.1111/SJOP.12977
Prastiwi, I., Kurjono, K., & Setiawan, Y. (2022). Pengaruh pengetahuan kewirausahaan dan efikasi diri terhadap intensi berwirausaha pada mahasiswa UPI. Journal of Finance, Entrepreneurship, and Accounting Education Research, 1(2), 143–152.
Ridhuan, S., Tamzil, F., & Mauludi, A. (2022). Kontribusi pendidikan kewirausahaan di perguruan tinggi menyiapkan sdm berminat membuka usaha, mengatasi kemiskinan dan mengurangi pengangguran. Eduscience : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(02). https://doi.org/10.47007/edu.v7i02.5541
Rudnák, I., Kollár, K., & Wu, J. (2025). Factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions of international and local students in Hungary. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1186/S13731-025-00490-Z/METRICS
Ryan, R., & Deci, E. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
Ryan, R., & Deci, E. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. Guilford Press.
Sembiring, L. S., & Amalia, V. (2018). Hubungan psychological capital dan orientasi kewirausahaan pada mahasiswa yang berwirausaha. Jurnal RAP (Riset Aktual Psikologi Universitas Negeri Padang), 9(2), 138. https://doi.org/10.24036/rapun.v9i2.102210
Sieger, P., Raemy, L., Zellweger, T., Fueglistaller, U., & Hatak, I. (2023). Student entrepreneurship 2023: Insights from 57 countries. KMU-HSG/IMU-U. www.guesssurvey.org.
Slemp, G. R., Lee, M. A., & Mossman, L. H. (2021). Interventions to Support Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness Needs in Organizations: A Systematic Review With Recommendations for Research and Practice. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 94(2), 427–457. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12338
van Manen, M. (2023). Phenomenology of practice : Meaning-giving methods inpPhenomenological research and writing. 2nd Edition. In Phenomenology of Practice. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003228073
Vitai, Z., & Benke, M. (2021). Motivation to Learn? An Advanced Exploratory Study of Learning Motivation of Central-East European Business Students. Marketing & Menedzsment, 55(2), 27–35. https://doi.org/10.15170/mm.2021.55.02.03
Wakhudin, W., Basri, H., Wahyudi, A. S., & Ginanjar, M. A. (2024). Entrepreneurship-Based Education: Teaching Students to Think Creatively and Innovatively. Nawala Education, 1(5), 117–123. https://doi.org/10.62872/5z2nxz92
Walker, G. J., Yan, N., & Kono, S. (2020). Basic psychological need satisfaction and intrinsic motivation during leisure: A cross-cultural comparison. Journal of Leisure Research, 51(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2020.1735973
Wardana, L. W., Narmaditya, B. S., Wibowo, A., Mahendra, A. M., Wibowo, N. A., Harwida, G., & Rohman, A. N. (2020). The impact of entrepreneurship education and students’ entrepreneurial mindset: the mediating role of attitude and self-efficacy. Heliyon, 6(9), e04922. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HELIYON.2020.E04922
Zhang, Y., Rana, A. M., Bashir, H., Adeel, I., Khokhar, S., & Ding, J. (2023). Can university students’ psychological resources stimulate the relationship between entrepreneurial optimism and green entrepreneurial intentions? Moderating Role of Sustainability Orientation. Sustainability 2023, Vol. 15, Page 6467, 15(8), 6467. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU15086467
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Isfridus Tafin Tnopo, Sirilus Ugi Daeng, Hanggara Budi Utomo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
3.png)
1.png)
1.png)
