Validitas dan Reliabilitas Skala Kesepian
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17977/um070v5i12025p48-57Keywords:
loneliness, new students, validity dan reliabilityAbstract
New students often face adaptation challenges that can lead to loneliness, which can affect psychological well-being and academic achievement. This study aims to develop a valid and reliable loneliness measurement scale specific to freshmen, based on the previous theory of loneliness by Russell (1978). The approach used a 5-point Likert scale with participants totaling 99 freshmen selected using a purposive sampling method. The validation process involved content validity testing by experts using Aiken's V and construct validity analysis through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The validity test results showed Aiken's V ≥ 0.91 and model fit with indicators of RMSEA = 0.075, CFI = 0.923, and TLI = 0.914. The reliability of the scale calculated using Cronbach Alpha was 0.950, indicating excellent internal consistency. Of the initial 27 items, 20 items were retained after psychometric testing. This instrument contributes to the development of psychological measurement tools to support more targeted interventions to reduce loneliness in freshmen.
Abstrak
Mahasiswa baru acap kali menghadapi tantangan adaptasi yang dapat memunculkan rasa kesepian, kondisi tersebut dapat mempengaruhi kesejahteraan psikologis dan prestasi akademik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan skala pengukuran kesepian yang valid dan reliabel yang spesifik untuk mahasiswa baru, berdasarkan teori kesepian terdahulu oleh Russell (1978). Pendekatan ini menggunakan skala Likert 5 poin dengan partisipan berjumlah 99 mahasiswa baru yang dipilih menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Proses validasi melibatkan uji validitas isi oleh ahli menggunakan Aiken’s V dan analisis validitas konstruk melalui Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Hasil uji validitas menunjukkan Aiken’s V ≥ 0,91 dan model fit dengan indikator RMSEA = 0,075, CFI= 0,923, dan TLI = 0,914. Reliabilitas skala dihitung menggunakan Cronbach Alpha sebesar 0,950, menunjukkan konsistensi internal yang sangat baik. Dari 27 item awal, 20 item dipertahankan setelah uji psikometrik. Instrumen ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan alat ukur psikologi untuk mendukung intervensi yang lebih terarah dalam mengurangi kesepian pada mahasiswa baru.
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