Gambaran Hubungan Parasosial Pembaca Dewasa Awal dengan Karakter Fiksi dalam Webtoon
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17977/um070v4i92024p386-411Keywords:
early adult, parasocial relationship, webtoon fictionAbstract
Early adults with age range of 18-40 y.o., are included in Erikson's psychosocial stage with the task of intimacy versus isolation. This means individuals must be able to build intimate relationships or become socially isolated. Intimate relationships formed may take a different form than usual. One is the way individuals form types of parasocial relationships, with fictional characters in some cases. On the other hand, there is one media that is developing rapidly and is famous for the nature and depiction of its fictional characters, namely webtoon. Departing from this phenomenon, this research aims to explore the description of the parasocial relationships of early adult readers with fictional characters in webtoons. The method used is a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach model. Data collection was carried out using semi-structured interviews and data was analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. Based on the analysis of data that has been collected, results show that parasocial relationships of early adult readers with fictional characters in webtoons are manifested in two different types: romantic and non-romantic parasocial relationships. These parasocial relationships are also formed in affective, behavioral, cognitive and decisional manifestations, with characteristics of one-way relationship and having parasocial paradox.
Abstrak
Individu dewasa awal, dengan rentang usia 18-40 tahun, termasuk dalam tahap psikososial oleh Erikson sebagai tahap perkembangan dengan tugas intimacy versus isolation. Hal ini berarti individu harus bisa membangun hubungan intim atau menjadi terisolasi secara sosial. Seiring berubahnya zaman, hubungan intim yang dibentuk dalam masa dewasa awal ini bisa jadi berbentuk berbeda daripada umumnya. Salah satunya adalah cara individu dewasa awal membentuk jenis hubungan parasosial, dengan karakter fiksi pada beberapa kasus. Di sisi lain, pada dekade terakhir terdapat satu media yang sedang berkembang pesat dan terkenal dengan sifat dan penggambaran karakter fiksinya, yaitu media webtoon. Berangkat dari fenomena tersebut, penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengeksplorasi gambaran hubungan parasosial pembaca dewasa awal dengan karakter fiksi di dalam webtoon. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan model pendekatan fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara semi-terstruktur dan data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis tematik. Berdasarkan analisis data yang sudah dikumpulkan, didapatkan hasil bahwa hubungan parasosial pembaca dewasa awal dengan karakter fiksi di webtoon terwujud dalam dua jenis hubungan yang berbeda, yaitu hubungan parasosial romantis dan non-romantis. Hubungan parasosial tersebut juga terbentuk dalam manifestasi afeksi, perilaku, kognitif, serta desisional, dengan karakteristik hubungan satu arah dan memiliki paradoks parasosial.
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