Perkembangan Teknologi Perangkat Disipasi Energi: Studi Literatur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17977/UM068v1n5p372-384Kata Kunci:
perangkat disipasi energi, damper, beban dinamis, seismikAbstrak
Conventional structures absorb earthquake energy by yielding or failure of building materials. Energy dissipation devices are gaining popularity due to their ability to reduce the vibration response of structures subjected to dynamic loads. In recent decades, the development of energy dissipation device technology has continued to develop through research and direct applications in various types of civil buildings. From its development, energy dissipation devices can be grouped into several categories, starting from simple passive energy dissipation devices, semi- active energy dissipation devices that can increase efficiency with an adaptive system that is able to regulate damping behavior in real time, active energy dissipation devices that can increasing device capacity and intelligence, until hybrid energy dissipation devices which can increase overall reliability and structural efficiency.
Struktur konvensional menyerap energi gempa dengan mengalami yielding atau kegagalan (failure) pada material bangunan. Perangkat disipasi energi (energy dissipation devices) mendapatkan popularitasnya dikarenakan kemampuannya dalam mengurangi respons getaran struktur dari struktural yang menerima berbagai jenis beban dinamis. Dalam beberapa dekade ini, perkembangan teknologi perangkat disipasi energi terus berkembang melalui berbagai riset dan aplikasi langsung dalam berbagai jenis bangunan sipil. Dari perkembangannya, perangkat disipasi energi dapat dikelompokkan menjadi beberapa kategori yaitu mulai dari perangkat disipasi energi pasif yang sederhana, perangkat disipasi energi semi-aktif yang mampu meningkatkan efisiensi dengan adanya sistem adaptif yang mampu mengatur perilaku peredam secara real time, perangkat disipasi energi aktif yang dapat meningkatkan kapasitas serta kecerdasan perangkat, hingga perangkat disipasi energi hibrid dimana dapat meningkatkan reliabilitas secara keseluruhan serta efisiensi struktural.
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