PENGEMBANGAN KARAKTER SOPAN SANTUN (ADAB) DENGAN METODE BERMAIN PERAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR

Abstract

Perkembangan teknologi digital dan arus globalisasi yang pesat telah membawa dampak negatif terhadap karakter anak-anak, terutama dalam hal sopan santun (adab). Fenomena seperti berkurangnya rasa hormat terhadap orang tua, guru, dan sesama, penggunaan bahasa yang tidak santun, serta melemahnya budaya saling menghargai semakin marak ditemukan dalam keseharian anak-anak sekolah dasar. Kondisi ini mendorong perlunya inovasi pembelajaran karakter yang tidak hanya bersifat teoretis, namun menyentuh ranah afektif dan psikomotorik siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model pendidikan karakter sopan santun berbasis AIK (Al-Islam dan Kemuhammadiyahan) melalui metode bermain peran (role play) sebagai salah satu pendekatan pembelajaran aktif dan kontekstual. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus pada siswa kelas IV SD di Kabupaten Sorong. Instrumen penelitian meliputi observasi, angket sikap siswa, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan jurnal refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode bermain peran secara signifikan meningkatkan perilaku sopan santun siswa, baik dalam aspek verbal maupun nonverbal. Siswa mulai terbiasa memberi salam, meminta izin, menggunakan bahasa sopan, serta menunjukkan sikap menghormati guru dan teman. Proses pembelajaran menjadi lebih menyenangkan, partisipatif, dan bermakna. Integrasi nilai-nilai Islam dalam skenario bermain peran membantu siswa memahami pentingnya adab dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Model pembelajaran ini juga memberikan instrumen evaluasi karakter yang terstruktur bagi guru. Dengan demikian, metode bermain peran berbasis AIK dapat dijadikan alternatif inovatif dan aplikatif dalam membentuk karakter anak sejak dini secara holistik.

The rapid advancement of digital technology and globalization has negatively impacted children’s character development, particularly in the area of politeness (adab). A growing decline in respectful behavior toward parents, teachers, and peers, as well as the increased use of impolite language and diminished mutual respect, is evident among elementary school students. This phenomenon highlights the urgent need for innovative character education methods that not only focus on theoretical knowledge but also engage students affectively and psychomotorically. This study aims to develop a character education model for teaching politeness values based on AIK (Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan) through role-play as an active and contextual learning method. The research applied classroom action research (CAR) conducted in two cycles involving fourth-grade students in Sorong Regency. Data collection techniques included observation sheets, student attitude questionnaires, structured interviews, documentation, and reflective journals. The results indicate that role-play methods significantly improved students' polite behavior, both verbally and non-verbally. Students developed habits such as greeting teachers, asking permission politely, using respectful language, and demonstrating respect for others in their interactions. The learning process became more engaging, participatory, and meaningful. Integrating Islamic values into role-play scenarios helped students internalize the importance of adab in their daily lives. Furthermore, this model provides teachers with a structured assessment tool to evaluate students’ character development. In conclusion, AIK-based role-play can serve as an innovative and practical approach to building children's character holistically from an early age.