ANALISIS EKSPLORASI PENYEBAB DAN DAMPAK LONELINESS PADA LANSIA WANITA YANG TINGGAL DI PERKOTAAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17977/um070v2i32022p193-200Keywords:
lansia wanita; loneliness; fenomenologiAbstract
Abstract: This research is motivated by the phenomenon of loneliness experienced in modern times that affects the elderly (aged 60 and over). Psychological dynamics in older adults who experience loneliness can be explained by the psychosocial theory proposed by Erik Erikson. In this old age, there is a conflict between integrity vs despair. The problem of loneliness in older adults becomes a challenge to the availability of care and fulfillment of welfare, especially in elderly women. Loneliness also has an impact on various dimensions of life, loneliness can lead to reduced relationships with people around, decreased body and individual functions, to psychological problems. Loneliness can cause symptoms of depression, decreased physical function, to other mental disorders. This research is aimed at exploring the causes and effects of loneliness experienced by elderly women in urban areas. The method used in this research is qualitative research with a phenomenological method. Data was collected through interviews about loneliness and the impact experienced by 3 female subjects who live alone or are divorced. Data processing researchers used data reduction analysis. The results obtained from this study indicate that elderly women experience loneliness due to the death of their spouse, lack of activities and social interaction, and limited mobility. Meanwhile, the impact that occurs is emotional loneliness and social isolation.
Keywords: eldery woman; loneliness; phenomenological
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena kesepian yang dialami pada zaman modern yang menjangkiti kalangan lansia (usia 60 keatas). Dinamika psikologi pada lansia yang mengalami kesepian (loneliness) dapat dijelaskan dengan teori psikososial yang dikemukakan oleh Erik Erikson. Pada masa lansia ini terjadi sebuah konflik yaitu integrity vs desepair. Masalah kesepian pada lansia menjadi sebuah tantangan terhadap ketersediaan perawatan dan pemenuhan kesejahteraan khusus-nya pada lansia wanita. Kesepian juga berdampak pada berbagai dimensi kehidupan, kesepian dapat membuat berkurangnya relasi dengan orang-orang di sekitar, penurunan kondisi fisik hingga masalah psikologis. Loneliness dapat menimbulkan gejala depresi, penurunan fungsi fisik, hingga gangguan mental lainnya. Penelitian ditujukan untuk mengeksplorasi mengenai penyebab serta dampak loneliness yang dialami oleh lanisa wanita di daerah perkotaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan metode fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mengenai kesepian dan dampak yang dialami oleh 3 subjek wanita yang tinggal sendiri atau cerai mati. Pengolahan data peneliti menggunakan analisis reduksi data. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa lansia wanita mengalami loneliness dikarenakan kematian pasangan hidup, kurang-nya kegiatan dan interaksi sosial, serta keterbatasan mobilitas. Sementara itu dampak yang terjadi ialah emosional loneliness dan social isolation.
Kata kunci: lansia wanita; loneliness; fenomenologi
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